What are some examples of external validity?
External validity is another name for the generalizability of results, asking “whether a causal relationship holds over variation in persons, settings, treatments and outcomes.”1 A classic example of an external validity concern is whether traditional economics or psychology lab experiments carried out on college …
Is replicability external validity?
Replicability refers to the extent to which the results and conclusions of a study are corroborated by that study being run again. The more similar the results of a replication study are to the original study, the more likely the results are to be externally valid and, therefore, generalisable to a wider context.
What affects external validity?
The external validity of a study is the extent to which you can generalize your findings to different groups of people, situations, and measures. There are seven threats to external validity: selection bias, history, experimenter effect, Hawthorne effect, testing effect, aptitude-treatment and situation effect.
What reduces external validity?
There are seven threats to external validity: selection bias, history, experimenter effect, Hawthorne effect, testing effect, aptitude-treatment and situation effect.
How do you maintain external validity?
A study is considered to be externally valid if the researcher’s conclusions can in fact be accurately generalized to the population at large. (4) The sample group must be representative of the target population to ensure external validity.
When is external validity irrelevant to internal validity?
Lack of internal validity implies that the results of the study deviate from the truth, and, therefore, we cannot draw any conclusions; hence, if the results of a trial are not internally valid, external validity is irrelevant.2
How to increase internal validity of research studies?
INCREASING VALIDITY OF RESEARCH STUDIES To increase internal validity, investigators should ensure careful study planning and adequate quality control and implementation strategies-including adequate recruitment strategies, data collection, data analysis, and sample size.
Why is the external validity of an experiment jeopardized?
External validity of the experiment is jeopardized because the findings might not generalize to a situation in which researchers or others who were involved in the research are not present” (Gall, Borg, & Gall, 1996, p. 475) A treatment may work because it is novel and the subjects respond to the uniqueness, rather than the actual treatment.
How can external validity be counteracted by replication?
There are several ways to counter threats to external validity: Replications counter almost all threats by enhancing generalizability to other settings, populations and conditions. Field experiments counter testing and situation effects by using natural contexts. Probability sampling counters