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What is P35S promoter?

What is P35S promoter?

Abstract. The Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter (P35S) is a commonly used target for detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). There are currently 24 reported detection methods, targeting different regions of the P35S promoter.

Is 35S promoter a GMO gene?

The 35S promoter, derived from the common plant virus, cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV), is a component of transgenic constructs in more than 80% of genetically modified (GM) plants.

What does the term transgenic refer to?

​Transgenic Transgenic means that one or more DNA sequences from another species have been introduced by artificial means. Animals usually are made transgenic by having a small sequence of foreign DNA injected into a fertilized egg or developing embryo.

Why is 35S promoter used?

The 35S CaMV promoter is generally considered to be a strong constitutive promoter1 and it facilitates high level of RNA transcription in a wide variety of plants, including plants well outside the host range of the virus2.

What is an example of transgenesis?

Organisms that have altered genomes are known as transgenic. Perhaps the most famous examples are food crops like soy and corn that have been genetically modified for pest and herbicide resistance. These crops are widely known as “GMOs” (genetically modified organisms).

How does CaMV 35S promoter work?

The cauliflower mosaic virus promoter (CaMV 35S) is used in most transgenic crops to activate foreign genes which have been artificially inserted into the host plant. It is inserted into transgenic plants in a form which is different from that found when it is present in its natural Brassica plant hosts.

Why are promoters important in the transcription process?

A promoter is a region of DNA where transcription of a gene is initiated. Promoters are a vital component of expression vectors because they control the binding of RNA polymerase to DNA. RNA polymerase transcribes DNA to mRNA which is ultimately translated into a functional protein. Thus the promoter region controls when and where in

How is the active enhancer transcribed in the promoter?

The active enhancer is transcribed on each strand of DNA in opposite directions by bound RNAP IIs. Mediator (coactivator) (a complex consisting of about 26 proteins in an interacting structure) communicates regulatory signals from the enhancer DNA-bound transcription factors to the promoter.

How is histone binding related to the initiation of transcription?

Histone binding prevents the initiation of transcription whereas transcription factors promote the initiation of transcription. The most 3′ portion (closest to the gene’s start codon) of the core promoter is the TSS which is where transcription actually begins.

Which is part of the TATA box controls the rate of transcription?

Their equivalent to the eukaryotic TATA box, the Pribnow box (TATAAT) is located at the -10 position and is essential for transcription initiation. The -35 position, simply titled the -35 element, typically consists of the sequence TTGACA and this element controls the rate of transcription.

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