What did the process of de Baathification involve?
After the fall of the Saddam Hussein regime, Iraq underwent a programme of ‘de-Baathification’ which involved the dismantling of the party and various associated organisations.
What does Debathification mean?
/ (diːˌbɑːθɪfɪˈkeɪʃən) / noun. the process of removing the members and influence of the Ba’ath Party from public office in Iraq following the US-led invasion of 2003.
Who ordered the disbanding of the Iraqi army?
Disbanding the Iraqi Army. On May 23, 2003, Bremer issued Order Number 2, in effect dissolving the entire former Iraqi army and putting 400,000 former Iraqi soldiers out of work.
Who was responsible for de Baathification?
100 Orders. During the tenure of the CPA, the Administrator, Paul Bremer, was charged with overseeing the US occupation and democratization process. As the highest authority in Iraq, orders issued from his office carried the force of law in Iraq.
What is the Baathist ideology?
Baathism is based on the principles of Arab nationalism, pan-Arabism, and Arab socialism, as well as social progress. It is a secular ideology. The two Baathist states which have existed (Iraq and Syria) prevented criticism of their ideology through authoritarian means of governance.
Is there a civil war in Iraq?
Iraq is ripped by a low-grade civil war which has worsened to catastrophic levels with as many as 3000 citizens murdered per month. The population is in despair. Life in many of the urban areas is now desperate.
What is the meaning of Pan Arabism?
Pan-Arabism, also called Arabism or Arab nationalism, nationalist notion of cultural and political unity among Arab countries. An experiment in political union between two Arab countries, Egypt and Syria, in the form of the United Arab Republic (1958–61) was short-lived.
When did the Baath Party come to power in Iraq?
When the party came to power in 1968 in the 17 July Revolution, it was determined to increase party membership so that it could compete with ideological opponents such as the Iraqi Communist Party.
What was the result of the De-Baathification Order?
The first order, or the De-Baathification order, eliminated the top four tiers of Saddam’s Baath party from current and future positions of civil service. The second disbanded the Iraqi military.
Who was involved in the de-Ba’athification policy?
According to Rajiv Chandrasekaran, Douglas Feith, one of the primary architects of the de-Ba’athification policy, was heavily influenced by the ideas promoted by Chalabi and the Iraqi National Congress.
When did de Ba’athification start in Iraq?
It was considered by the Coalition Provisional Authority to be Iraq’s equivalent to Germany’s denazification after World War II. It was first outlined in CPA Order 1 which entered into force on 16 May 2003.
Why did Bremer order the De-Baathification of Iraq?
Bremer also explained his intentions to be a response to the brutality of Saddam’s former regime. The order is quoted to recognize the “large scale human rights abuses and deprivations” and note the “threat” and “intimidation” 4 that the Iraqi citizens encountered at the hands of the Baathists.