What is the Hypobranchial apparatus?
Situated below the gills, or beneath the branchial apparatus in general. noun The internal piece of the inferior part of the branchial arch in fishes.
What produces the Hypobranchial eminence?
The hypopharyngeal eminence forms mostly from the endoderm of the third pharyngeal arch and only partially from the fourth pharyngeal arch. It quickly grows to cover the copula formed earlier from the second pharyngeal arch, and will form the posterior one third of the tongue.
What is Tuberculum Impar?
Medical Definition of tuberculum impar : an embryonic swelling that is situated in the midline of the floor of the pharynx between the ventral ends of the two sides of the mandibular arch and of the second branchial arch and that probably contributes to the formation of the anterior part of the tongue.
What do pharyngeal pouches do?
Pharyngeal pouches derivatives produce tissues necessary for hearing, calcium homeostasis, and adequate immune response. The first pharyngeal pouch develops into the middle ear cavity and the eustachian tube, which joins the tympanic cavity to the nasopharynx.
What germ layer does the tongue come from?
The tongue is basically a sac of epithelium filled with muscles. These muscles arise from the middle germ layer of the embryo, the mesoderm.
What part of the tongue is the occipital somites?
Occipital Somites (Musculature) The intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue are derived from occipital somites, which are segments of mesoderm in the region of the upper neck. The somites migrate from the neck anteriorly to give rise to the muscles of the tongue.
What is 2nd pharyngeal arch?
Second arch The second pharyngeal arch or hyoid arch, is the second of fifth pharyngeal arches that develops in fetal life during the fourth week of development and assists in forming the side and front of the neck.
What are the symptoms of a pharyngeal pouch?
Typical symptoms include dysphagia (a consistent symptom), regurgitation of undigested food, choking, borborygmi in the cervical region, chronic cough, chronic aspiration due to overspill of contents from the pouch, halitosis, weight loss, and less commonly hoarseness (box 1).
What happens to the pharyngeal pouches in humans?
SUMMARY: The transient structures that are known as pharyngeal grooves and pharyngeal pouches disappear toward the end of the embryonic period. The first pharyngeal groove will give rise to the external auditory meatus of the adult ear.