What do you need to know about esotropia?

What do you need to know about esotropia?

What is esotropia? Esotropia is a form of strabismus (eye misalignment) characterized by an inwards turn of one or both eyes [See figure 1]. It may be intermittent or constant and may occur with near fixation, distance fixation, or both. The crossing may occur mostly with one eye or may alternate between eyes.

What causes eyes to turn inward in infantile esotropia?

For more specific information, see infantile esotropia and accommodative esotropia. Esotropia can also be due to other conditions. Poor vision can cause eye crossing. Various neurological conditions (hydrocephalus, stroke, etc.) can cause an eye to turn inward.

Is there such a thing as partially accommodative esotropia?

Partially accommodative esotropia is a residual esotropia that is partially corrected, yet still persists in spite of full correction of hyperopic refractive error. This esodeviation has an onset after 1 year of age, and is not associated with any accommodative factor, therefore not improved by glasses.

How is sensory esotropia related to strabismus?

The etiology of esotropia is unknown in most cases, but it can be hereditary. Sensory esotropia occurs because of decreased acuity in one eye, due to various organic causes, which leads to an inability to maintain normal eye alignment. It is thought that strabismus occurs because of a problem with the fusional system.

When does acute acquired Concomitant esotropia occur?

Acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) represents a relatively rare, distinct subtype of esotropia, which occurs in older children, adults, and even the elderly.

What’s the difference between alternating and intermittent esotropia?

Alternating esotropia is when the left and right eyes take turns to look inward. Intermittent esotropia is when the condition comes and goes depending on what the person is focusing on and how tired they are. Left esotropia is when the left eye turns inwards.

How many people have acute comitant esotropia in adults?

A series of 9 esotropia cases (age range: 20–43 years) was reviewed. All patients had full duction and versions, without an A-pattern or V-pattern. All patients had esotropia for distance and near. Neurological evaluation in all cases was normal.

When does Dissociated vertical deviation occur in infantile esotropia?

Dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) occurs in approximately 75% of patients with infantile esotropia. DVD is elevation of the non-fixing eye when covered or with visual inattention. Inferior oblique overaction occurs in approximately 70% of patients with infantile esotropia.