What does SGLT1 stand for?
The SLC5A1 gene provides instructions for producing a protein called sodium/glucose cotransporter protein 1 (SGLT1). This protein is found mainly in the intestinal tract and the kidneys.
What is the difference between SGLT1 and SGLT2?
SGLT1 is a low-capacity, high-affinity transporter that mediates approximately 5% of glucose reabsorption in the S3 (distal) segment of the proximal tubule (Novak & Kruger, 2017). SGLT1 may help with additional renal glucose reabsorption that evades SGLT2 either due to overload or SGLT2 inhibition.
Does SGLT1 use ATP?
The SGLT1 protein is able to uptake glucose through cellular membranes through coupling the energy generated from cotransporting 2 sodium ions with glucose through a symport mechanism. This protein does not use ATP as energy source.
What is the function of SGLT?
Sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) activity mediates apical sodium and glucose transport across cell membranes. Cotransport is driven by active sodium extrusion by the basolateral sodium/potassium-ATPase, thus facilitating glucose uptake against an intracellular up-hill gradient.
What drugs are SGLT1?
Table 1
| Compound | SGLT1 ICso (nmol/L) | Selectivity (SGLT2 vs SGLT1) |
|---|---|---|
| Empagliflozin Jardiance® | ~8300 | Open in a separate window |
| Ertugliflozin Steglatro® | ~1960 | |
| Luseogliflozin Lusefi® | ~4071 | |
| Dapagliflozin Farxiga® | ~1400 |
Where is SGLT1 found in the body?
SGLT1 is located at the brush-border membrane of the intestinal epithelial cells and is responsible for transporting glucose and galactose across the intestinal brush border (155).
Which SGLT2 is best?
Current Selective SGLT2 Inhibitors Of the three FDA approved drugs, empagliflozin has the greatest selectivity for SGLT2 compared to SGLT1, while canagliflozin is the least selective (5).
Is ATP needed for co-transport?
An interesting example is the SGLT1 (Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1) which is a secondary active transport, also known as coupled transport or co-transport, energy is used to transport molecules across a membrane; however, in contrast to primary active transport, there is no direct coupling of ATP.
Where are SGLT1?
In the kidney, SGLT1 is located on the apical (urine) side of the proximal tubule, and facilitates the reabsorption of urinary glucose from the glomerular filtrate [3]. SGLT1 is mainly expressed on the apical membrane (i.e. the gut side) of enterocytes.
Is SGLT1 present in kidney?
SGLT2 (also known as SLC5A2) mRNA is almost exclusively expressed in the kidney, while SGLT1 (SLC5A1) mRNA is found mainly in the small intestine and is only expressed to a small extent in the kidney [6, 17].
What is the role of SGLT1 in glucose uptake?
SGLT1 (sodium/glucose cotransporter 1) SGLT1 is a 75-kDa membrane protein with 14 transmembrane α-helices, an extracellular amino terminus and an intracellular carboxyl terminus [1, 4]. SGLT1 is responsible for the sodium-dependent, active uptake of glucose across the apical membrane of the small intestine. In the kidney,…
What’s the difference between SGLT1 and SGLT2?
SGLT1 Inhibitors. Inhibition of SGLT1 delays and reduces glucose absorption in the small intestine, thus improving post meal glycemic control. This is beneficial particularly in patients with declining renal function where SGLT2 inhibition is less effective. While several SGLT1 inhibitors are in the research phase,…
Where is SGLT1 found in the small intestine?
SGLT1 is a protein found in the small intestine and the kidneys. The acronym stands for sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter. The number at the end of the acronym is because it is one of two different proteins in this class.
How does the SGLT1 transporter work in GGM?
Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is an effective treatment for GGM, in which sodium and glucose are offered together with water for intestinal absorption. Water is then absorbed by direct co-transport and sodium/glucose-induced osmosis, the latter resulting from sodium and glucose co-transport via SGLT1 in the apical membrane of the enterocytes [14].