Does rifampicin cause hepatotoxicity?

Does rifampicin cause hepatotoxicity?

Hepatotoxicity. Liver injury from rifampin is uncommon, but well documented. Long term therapy with rifampin is associated with minor, transient elevations in serum aminotransferase levels in 10% to 20% of patients, abnormalities that usually do not require dose adjustment or discontinuation.

How is isoniazid hepatotoxicity treated?

Patients with clinically significant INH-associated hepatitis and progressive hepatic failure may be successfully treated with liver transplantation. INH is second only to acetaminophen among drugs resulting in hepatotoxicity severe enough to warrant liver transplantation.

How does isoniazid cause hepatotoxicity?

Chronic INH hepatotoxicity results in the induction of hepatocyte apoptosis, with associated disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA strand breaks. The most likely biochemical mechanism is that the metabolism of INH produces reactive metabolites that bind and damage cellular macromolecules in the liver.

How do you manage hepatotoxicity?

Treatments for toxic hepatitis may include:

1. Supportive care. People with severe symptoms are likely to receive supportive therapy in the hospital, including intravenous fluids and medication to relieve nausea and vomiting.
2. Medication to reverse liver damage caused by acetaminophen.
3. Emergency care.
4. Liver transplant.

What antibiotics treat latent TB?

A course of antibiotic medicine will treat latent TB. You may be given Rifampicin and Isoniazid for three months (which may be together in a tablet called Rifinah) or Isoniazid by itself for six months. Your doctor or TB specialist nurse will talk you through the treatment and answer any questions you may have.

Is isoniazid bad for liver?

Isoniazid therapy is often associated with minor, transient and asymptomatic elevations in serum aminotransferase levels but, more importantly, isoniazid is a well known cause of acute clinically apparent liver injury which can be severe and is sometimes fatal.

Are there any drugs that can cause a hepatotoxic reaction?

Isoniazid, pyrazinamide and rifampicin have hepatotoxic potential, and can lead to such reactions during antituberculosis chemotherapy. Most of the hepatotoxic reactions are dose-related; some are, however, caused by drug hypersensitivity.

Is there a risk of Dili from rifampicin?

Other studies where rifampicin has been used alone in prophylaxis in treatment of latent TB has demonstrated relative low risk of DILI due to rifampicin.21,22 INH is the most common drug associated with toxicity.

How is hepatotoxicity related to antituberculosis drugs?

Most of the hepatotoxic reactions are dose-related; some are, however, caused by drug hypersensitivity. The immunogenetics of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity, especially inclusive of acetylaor phenotype polymorphism, have been increasingly unravelled.