Who was the winner of the Peloponnesian War?
Vocabulary The Peloponnesian War was a war fought in ancient Greece between Athens and Sparta—the two most powerful city-states in ancient Greece at the time (431 to 405 B.C.E.). This war shifted power from Athens to Sparta, making Sparta the most powerful city-state in the region.
Where was the Athenian Empire during the Peloponnesian War?
A brief treatment of the Peloponnesian War follows. For full treatment, see Ancient Greek civilization: The Peloponnesian War. The Athenian alliance was, in fact, an empire that included most of the island and coastal states around the northern and eastern shores of the Aegean Sea.
What did Sparta do in the Peloponnesian War?
Hostilities resumed between Athens and Sparta with an assault launched by the Athenians at Sicily. Sparta decided to retaliate. Learning from its past experiences with the Athenian navy, they established a fleet of warships. It would be another decade of warfare before the Spartan general Lysander defeated the Athenian fleet at Aegospotami.
What did Thucydides write about the Peloponnesian War?
Fragment of the Athenian Tribute List, 425-424 BC. As the preeminent Athenian historian, Thucydides, wrote in his influential History of the Peloponnesian War, “The growth of the power of Athens, and the alarm which this inspired in Lacedaemon, made war inevitable.”.
Athens was forced to surrender, and Sparta won the Peloponnesian War in 404 BC. Gray crossed swords indicate a Spartan victory, Black crossed swords indicate an Athenian victory. Explosion icon: Delian League member revolt; Green: Neutral areas; Yellow: Persian Empire. Spartans terms were lenient.
How did Sparta gain an edge in the Peloponnesian War?
As a result, the Peloponnesian war featured many battles where one side was forced to fight to the other side’s strengths. However, strategic alliances, as well as an important shift in Spartan policy that allowed them to run more frequent raids on Athenian soil, eventually allowed Sparta to gain an edge over its opponent.
What was the name of the war between Athens and Sparta?
While the main conflict fought between Athens and Sparta is known as The Peloponnesian War, this was not the first time these two city-states fought. Shortly after the end of the Greco-Persian War, a series of skirmishes broke out between Athens and Sparta, and historians often call this the “First Peloponnesian War.”
How big was the Athenian army in the Peloponnesian War?
Sicily and the Peloponnesian War The Athenian force consisted of over 100 ships and some 5,000 infantry and light-armored troops. Cavalry was limited to about 30 horses, which proved to be no match for the large and highly trained Syracusan cavalry. Upon landing in Sicily, several cities immediately joined the Athenian cause.